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' G. SANFORD. & J-. E. 'MALL'ORYV Y FOR BREAKING AND'GLEANING FLAX AND HEMP.

Patented 'ept. 16, 1862 MAGHINER No. 36,485.

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' Hemp, and other like -Fiber Yielding Plants;

, ping fluted rollers, having a mode of operation turns on a fixed stud, h. Qn the said stud h there is a vi-bratingarm t, connectedby a con- T'hereis a double, bifurcated pawl, m, mounted sition that they both partially engage the cogs of the wheels so that when the arm dis vi- UNITED STATns rains v ATENT G; SANFORD AND J. n ALLoRY, or new" YORK, N. Y.

specification forming part of Letters Patent .No. .$fi.4 S5, dated September 16, 1862.

r To ailZ wizionv, it may conaern:- i

' toward which the'armis movin-gwill fully en- Be it known that we, Gnrsron' SA IIFORD and E.; MALLoRY,:.-b oth of the city, county, and State of New York, haveinvent ed certain new and useful Improvements-in Machinesjor Breaking and Oleaning Flax, andwe 'do hereby declare that the followingis a full, .clear, and exaotdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying draws ings, mak in'g part. of this specification, in which- V Figure l is a side'elevation'; Fig. 2, a plan; Fig.3, ayertical section taken at the line A a of Fig. 2'; and Fig; 4, 'a section representing the inner face of .the vibrating arm, pawls, and, sector. The same letters indicate like partsin'all thefigures. l

The object of our said invention is tobreak 11d clean flax',,liemp, and other like fiber yielding plants byone' or more pairs of gripby which the material tobe operated upon is fed in on ,one side, the woody part broken by a crushing action, and, the broken fragments loosenedfrom the fibers by a rubbing action of the flutes alternately in opposite directions and equallylon both sides of the bunch, and the bunch of'fibers then delivered on the other side.

In the accompanying drawings,'a represents the frame, and b the table,on which the mate rial to be treated is placed to be presented to the, action of the machine. There are two pairs of fluted rollers, c c and d d. The two lower rollers, c and d, turn in fixed boxes-in the frame, and each carries a cogged pinion, e and f, outside the frame, both of which engage and are operated by acog-wheel, 9, that necting-rod, j, with a. crank-pin, is, on the driving-shaft Z, so that the armfisvibrate'd back and-forth-by each rotation of the driving-shaft on a fulcrum-pin on the inside of the arm, and the lower bifurcationpz, embraces twosprings, 0 0, on the lows-rend of the arm, the tension of which springs keeps the two pawls i-n suchpo brated in either direction the pawl on the side gage the cogs and turn the wheel in that direction, t li e springs allowing the pawl to yield'for that purpose. So far as described, it will be seen that such an arrangement would turn the cog-wheel g and the two fluted rollers c and d to an equal distance alternately in opposite direotions; but the object is to have them turn in the direction of the arrows to a greaterdistanoe than in the opposite direction. To accomplish this result the bifurcated pawl is pro vided on the inside with apin orproj ection p, which, as the arnii vibrates to turn the wheel 9' in the direction of the arrow, passes under a sector, g, which is concentric with'the stud on which the arnrz' vibrates, or nearly so, and on the return vibration, of the arm 73 the opposite pawl cannot engage the cogs of the wheel g to turn it in the opposite direction until the pinor projection 12 passes beyond the sector, and in this way by the length of the sector 1 or by changing its position on the frame the return motion of the wheel 9 and fluted rollers c and d can be made as much less as may be desired.

To facilitate the adjustment of the sector, it is formed on the upper end of a plate having one or more elongated holes, through'which the screw or screws pass'by which it is secured to the-frame. The two upper fluted rollers,

c and d, have their journals mounted in boxes held down by indie-rubber or other springs, r r, by the tension. of which these rollers are pressed down toward the lower rollers, so that the material to be operated upon shall be gripped by a yielding pressure between the flutes of the upper and the lower rollers. As the rollers turn in the directionofthe arrows, the flax or other plant is presented to the bight of the rollers c c, and caught by them and carried forward between them, and as the return motion is less than the forward motion the flax is gradually carried or fed, forward from the first pair of rollers to thesecond pair, '12 d, and then carried forward 3' ointl y byboth pairs, and finally delivered by the second pair, (2 d. By the above-described mode of operation the flan or other plant is acted upon by the flutcs'of the rollers alternatelyin opposite directions, and equally on the lower and on the upper side, not only cffec'tuallybreaking the woody parts of the plant, but effectually sepaderstood as claimingtheabove-deseribed mechanism for giving to the rollers a greater forward than backward motion, nor asliiniting our claim of invention to the use thereof, as other and equivalent mechanism may be substituted for this purpose. I

' What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

2 eases The mode or operation, substantially as described, of one or more pairs of fluted rollers for breaking and cleaning flax, hemp, and other like fiber-yielding plants, which mode of operation consists in giving to the pair or pairs of fluted rollers which grip the flax or other plant ,a reciprocating rotary motion alternate ly in opposite directions, the motion in 'one direction being greater than in the opposite direction, substantially as and for the purpose described, 7

eniisron SANFORD. JAS. E. MALLORY.

"Witnesses: I

' A. 1)]; LACY,

\VM. H. B snor. 

